I've been taking on, and my latest success is passing the; earning me the Microsoft Specialist: Developing Microsoft Azure Solutions Certification. As with all Microsoft certification exams, this exam covers a huge amount of information and content. As a result of this, a variety of materials and sources need to be studied in order to get the level understanding and memorization necessary to pass the exam. Now that I've passed the exam, I thought I'd share what I used so you too can become a certified Azure developer! UPDATE: November 2016, the to include Azure Resource Manager (ARM) coverage as well as Azure Functions, DocumentDB, Logic Apps, and many more newer Azure features and services. This is a major refresh, so you'll want to go to make sure you're studying the right stuff.
Exam Target Audience The 70-532 Developing Microsoft Azure Solutions exam is targeted towards a Developer audience. If you're an experienced.NET developer, then you'll likely have an easier time preparing for this exam.
As a result, the exam will assume you are proficient with development tools, techniques and have experience developing scalable and resilient solutions. Skills Measured Here's a high level break down of the exam objectives: • Design and implement websites (15-20%) • Create and manage virtual machines (20-25%) • Design and implement cloud services (20-25%) • Design and implement a storage strategy (20-25%) • Manage application and network services (15-20%) Note: The percentage next to each is the approximate break out of how much of the exam focuses on each objective area. As you can see it's pretty evenly distributed across the 5 areas. The full exam objectives are listed on the. Free Video Courses / Training There are many video training courses available for the 70-532 Developing Microsoft Azure Solutions exam.
The courses top on my list are over at the (MVA), but there are many more. Here's a list of video courses I used while studying for this exam with the approximate length of the training courses.
• (~9 hrs) via MVA • (~6.5 hrs) via MVA • (~9 hrs) via MVA • (~1.5 hrs) via Channel9 from Microsoft Ignite • - there are MANY short videos hosted by Scott Hanselman. This is an excellent archive to go through!
• - there are MANY videos on Channel9. This is an excellent archive to go through! Another video training option that's not Free, but there is a Free Trial available is. Books There are a number of books on Microsoft Azure. The one geared towards studying for the exam is the ' from Microsoft Press.
This book is an excellent study resource to accompany all the other materials, as it's condensed to cover the exam objectives list. Note: Do NOT rely to heavily on any single study resources, even books. Here a list of some available for download: • • Documentation The is an excellent study resource too! It's been built out pretty heavily and even accepts contributions from the community via GitHub.
I really encourage you to browse around the documentation and read, read, read in addition to all of your other study efforts. Practice Tests The typical practice test vendors do not currently offer any practice exams for the 70-532 Developing Microsoft Azure Solutions exam. Due to this fact, I actually developed some of my own practice test questions to help me prepare for the exam, and I put them up free for anyone to use! Take the practice tests: While the list of questions I put together is not an exhaustive list, this offers yet another tool you can use to help prepare for the exam.
DigitalPersona Pro was designed for bringing biometric fingerprint scanning into the large-scale enterprise.
Please don't complain about the quality or the extensiveness of the questions. It takes a lot of time to write test questions! Also, I put these up on so feel free to browse the source code, fork it or whatever. Play Time It's fine to get 'book smart', but there certainly is no substitute for just getting in there, playing around and practicing.
Something Microsoft offers to encourage this is a. So go dig in and experiment with how this stuff all works, and get some real world experience that will help you pass the exam.
This is not just useful if you're new to Azure. It's also very useful if you've already been developing on Azure but just haven't done much with certain features yet. Additionally, if you have an MSDN Subscription, then you already have some free monthly credits to use Azure available to you too. Exam Study Tips Here's a few tips of techniques I use when studying and preparing for certification exams: • Make sure to go through each exam objective category and study until you're comfortable with that topic.
• Use at minimum 3 study resources on each topic. The variety and repetition will help you retain everything. • Play with stuff.
'Book smarts' are good, but practical hands-on experience is better. • Make flash cards and/or practice test questions to help memorizing the stuff that can be memorized. • Don't be afraid to fail an exam. You will learn what areas you need to focus on better and can always take it again. • Give yourself a deadline. Once you're in a comfortable study pace, estimate when you'll be ready for the exam and schedule it.
• Get your family on board to support you spending a significant amount of time outside of work to study. • Choose the when scheduling the exam. This way you can take the exam in a less stressful environment that is the comfort of your own home. I hope this resource list helps you pass the exam and earn your Azure certification!
Bidding process for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups was the process by which the (FIFA) selected locations for the and. The process began officially in March 2009; eleven bids from thirteen countries were received, including one which was withdrawn and one that was rejected before FIFA's executive committee voted in November 2010. Two of the remaining nine bids applied only to the 2022 World Cup, while the rest were initially applications for both. Over the course of the bidding, all non-European bids for the 2018 event were withdrawn, resulting in the exclusion of all European bids from consideration for the 2022 edition. By the time of the decision, bids for the 2018 World Cup included,, a joint bid from, and a joint bid from.
Bids for the 2022 World Cup came from,,,, and the. Was disqualified due to lack of governmental support, and Mexico withdrew its bid for financial reasons. On 2 December 2010, Russia and Qatar were selected as the locations for the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups respectively. The bidding process involved several controversies. Two members of the had their voting rights suspended following allegations that they would accept money in exchange for votes.
England and Russia's respective 2018 bids also were subject to controversy after England filed a complaint against a Russian official's comment, though the complaint was withdrawn following Russia's apology. More allegations of vote buying arose after Qatar's win was announced. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Background [ ] In October 2007, FIFA ended its continental rotation policy. Instead countries that are members of the same confederation as either of the last two tournament hosts are ineligible, leaving ineligible for 2018 and ineligible for both 2018 and 2022. Other factors in the selection process include the number of suitable stadiums, and their location across candidate nations.
Voting is done using a multiple round system whereby the candidate receiving the fewest votes in each round is eliminated until a single candidate is chosen by the majority. Rotation policy [ ]. FIFA's confederations Following the selection of the hosts, FIFA had decided on a policy for determining the hosts of future editions. The six world confederations—roughly corresponding to continents—would rotate in their turn of providing bids, for a specific edition, from within their member national associations.
This system was used only for the selection of the (South Africa) and (Brazil) hosts, open only to and members, respectively. In September 2007, the rotation system came under review, and a new system was proposed which renders ineligible for bidding only the last two World Cup host confederations. This proposal was adopted on 29 October 2007, in, Switzerland by FIFA's Executive Committee.
Under this policy, a 2018 bid could have come from,,, or, as Africa and South America are ineligible. Likewise, no CONMEBOL member could have made a 2022 bid, and candidates from the same confederation as the successful 2018 applicant would be disregarded in the 2022 selection procedure.
The United States, the last non-European candidate in the 2018 bidding cycle, withdrew its bid for that year; hence the 2018 tournament would have to be held in Europe. This in turn meant that South America and Europe were ineligible for 2022 Voting procedure [ ] For both the 2018 and 2022 editions of the World Cup, the voted to decide which candidate should host the tournament. The multiple round exhaustive ballot system was used to determine the tournament host. All eligible members of the FIFA Executive Committee had one vote. The candidate country that received the fewest votes in each round was eliminated until a single candidate was chosen by the majority. In the event of a tied vote, FIFA President would have had the deciding vote.
There are twenty-four members on the Committee, but two of those were suspended due to accusations of. Main article:, a Belgian Member of Parliament, announced in October 2006 that a formal bid would be made on behalf of the three countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. In June 2007 the three countries launched their campaign not as a joint bid in the manner of the, but emphasising it as a common political organisation. Luxembourg would not host any matches or automatically qualify for the finals in a successful Benelux bid, but would host a FIFA congress.
Belgium and the Netherlands registered their intention to bid jointly in March 2009. A delegation led by the presidents of the and national football associations met president Sepp Blatter on 14 November 2007, officially announcing their interest in submitting a joint bid. On 19 March 2008 the delegation also met with President to convince him that it was a serious offer under one management. Afterwards they claimed to have impressed Platini, who supports the idea of getting the World Cup to Europe. Former French football international was presented as official counselor for the joint bid on 23 June 2009.
A factor that was against the Benelux bid was the lack of an 80,000 capacity stadium to host the final. However, the city council of Rotterdam gave permission in March 2009 for development of a with a capacity of around 80,000 seats to be completed in time for the possible World Cup in 2018. In November 2009, the venues were presented. In Belgium, matches would have been played in 7 venues:,, Brussels,,, and. In the Netherlands, only five cities would host matches:,,, and, but both Amsterdam and Rotterdam would provide two stadiums. Eindhoven would function as the 'capital city' of the World Cup.
Was also jointly hosted by Belgium and the Netherlands. Main article: On 31 October 2007, officially announced its bid to host the event. On 24 April 2008 England finalised a 63-page bid to host the 2018 World Cup, focusing on the development of football worldwide. On 27 January 2009, England officially submitted their bid to FIFA. Led England's bid to stage the event after stepping down as Sports Minister.
On 24 October 2008 the named the Executive Board to prepare the bid, with as the bid chairman. Triesman resigned on 16 May 2010 after comments were published where he suggested that Spain would drop their bid if Russia helped bribe referees in the, and was then replaced. The backed the bid. In November 2005, and first announced that they were to investigate the possibility of bidding.
That month,, 's Director of Communications, announced the support of the Government and the Treasury in the bid, but put off definite proposals. Brown reiterated his support for a bid in March 2006, before England's 2006 World Cup campaign, and again in May 2006.
The UK government launched its official report on 12 February 2007, in which it was made clear that its support was for an England-only bid and that all games would be played. The venues selected on 16 December 2009 to form the bid were: London (three stadiums), (two stadiums),, Bristol,, Liverpool,,,,, and.
Officials also expressed interest in an English bid. David Will, a vice-president of FIFA, noted England's World Cup proposal as early as May 2004., leader of Germany's successful bid for the 2006 World Cup and a member of FIFA's Executive Committee, twice publicly backed an English bid to host the World Cup, in January and July 2007. FIFA President said he would welcome a 2018 bid from 'the homeland of football.'
Blatter met David Cameron on two occasions to discuss the bid while paying visits to England. The British Prime Minister showed much support for the bid and was hopeful that the 'home of football' would host the tournament. Portugal and Spain [ ].
Main article: The President of the (FPF), Gilberto Madail, first proposed a joint bid with Spain in November 2007. The bid intent was confirmed by president,, on 18 February 2008.
However, the president of the (RFEF), Angel Villar, announced in July 2008 that it was Spain's intention to submit an individual World Cup bid, and that positive contacts had already taken place with the government, through the secretary of sports, Jaime Lissavetzky. No specifications were made then regarding a joint bid with Portugal. On 23 November 2008, after his re-election for the RFEF presidency, Villar pledged that one of the fundamental objectives of his term was to bring a World Cup to Spain. While he did not mention whether Spain would present a joint bid with Portugal, he did not rule it out when asked about it. On 23 December 2008, Angel Villar restated 'We need to present a strong, consistent and winning bid for the 2018 World Cup.' He further confessed 'Personally, I think it should be with Portugal.' Subsequently, in the aftermath of a RFEF meeting board, Spain and Portugal announced their intention to bid together.
Spanish sports newspaper advanced some details about the potential bid: Spain would lead a twelve-stadium project with eight of the venues, and the opening and final games would be held in and, respectively. Spain has previously hosted the, while Portugal organised the. Main article: Russia announced its intent to bid in early 2009, and submitted its request to FIFA in time. Russia's President took a keen interest in the bid and ordered Vitaly Mutko, the Minister of Sports, to 'prepare a bid for Russia to hold the 2018 World Cup'.
According to a report earlier submitted by Vitaly Mutko, who also served that time as President of the (RFU), the country was ready to spend some $10.1 billion on the tournament. The bid committee also included RFU CEO Alexey Sorokin and Alexander Djordjadze as the Director of Bid Planning and Operations. Fourteen cities were included in the proposal, which divided them into five different clusters: one in the north, centered on, a central cluster, centered on Moscow, a southern cluster, centered on, and the Volga River cluster. Only one city beyond the Ural Mountains was cited,. The other cities were: in the north cluster, and in the south cluster and,,,, and in the Volga River cluster.
At the time of bidding, Russia did not have a stadium with 80,000 capacity, but the bid called for the expansion of in Moscow, already a, from a capacity of slightly over 78,000 to over 89,000. Russia hoped to have five stadiums fit to host World Cup matches ready by 2013 – two in Moscow and one stadium each in, and, which at the time was due to host the. 2022 bids [ ] Australia [ ]. Main article: In September 2007, the confirmed that Australia would bid for the 2018 World Cup finals.
Previously, in late May 2006, the sports minister,, said that he wanted his to drive a bid to stage the 2018 World Cup., the chairman, stated that they aimed to use for the bid. Former Australian Prime Minister announced the Federal Government's support for the bid, and in December 2008, Federal minister for sport announced that the federal government would give the FFA $45.6 million to fund its World Cup bid preparation. Rudd met with Sepp Blatter to discuss the Commonwealth Government's support of the bid in Zurich in July 2009.
At the 2008 FIFA Congress, held in Sydney, FIFA president Sepp Blatter suggested that Australia concentrate on hosting the 2022 tournament, but Lowy responded by recommitting Australia to its 2018 bid. However, Australia ultimately withdrew from the bidding for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in favour of the 2022 FIFA World Cup on 10 June 2010, following comments from the chief of the that the 2018 tournament should be held in Europe. Australia's largest stadiums are currently used by other major Australian sports whose domestic seasons overlap with the World Cup. The and claimed that loss of access to these major venues for eight weeks would severely disrupt their seasons and impact the viability of their clubs. The AFL in particular had previously advised it would not relinquish in Melbourne for the entire period required. On 9 May 2010 the AFL, NRL, and FFA announced a Memorandum of Understanding guaranteeing that the AFL and NRL seasons would continue, should the bid be successful. Compensation for the rival football codes would be awarded as a result of any disruptions caused by hosting the World Cup.
AFL CEO came out in support of the bid, despite initially not supporting the bid. Indicated that the issue of factional disputes between the, and, were not considered by the. Although initially Australia seemed to be a popular contender to host the tournament, the final Australian World Cup bid received only one vote astonishing Franz Beckenbauer and experts alike. Main article: Japan bid to become the first Asian country to host the World Cup twice; however, the fact that they were co-hosts so recently in was expected to work against them in their bid. Although Japan did not have an 80,000-seat capacity stadium, its plan was based on a proposed 100,000-seat stadium that would have gone on to be a centrepiece of, for which was bidding. Japan also pledged that if it had been granted the rights to host the 2022 World Cup games, it would develop technology enabling it to provide a live international telecast of the event in, which would allow 400 stadiums in 208 countries to provide 360 million people with real-time 3D coverage of the games projected on giant screens, captured in 360 degrees by 200 HD cameras. Furthermore, Japan will broadcast the games in holographic format if the technology to do so is available by that time.
Beyond allowing the world's spectators to view the games on flat screens projecting 3D imaging, holographic projection would project the games onto stadium fields, creating a greater illusion of actually being in the presence of the players. Microphones embedded below the playing surface would record all sounds, such as ball kicks, in order to add to the sense of realism. The Olympic bid was unsuccessful, coming third in the bidding process that concluded in October 2009.
The Vice-President of the, Junji Ogura, had previously admitted that if Tokyo were to fail in its bid, its chances of hosting either the 2018 or 2022 World Cup would not be very good. On 4 May 2010, Japan announced that it was withdrawing its bid for the 2018 tournament to focus on 2022, amidst rising speculation that the 2018 edition will be held in Europe. Main article: Qatar made a bid for only the 2022 World Cup. Qatar was attempting to become the first Arab country to host the World Cup. Failed bids from other Arab countries include (1994, 1998, 2006 and 2010), and a Libya-Tunisia joint bid withdrew in the bidding process. Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, son of the former, was the chairman of the bid committee. Qatar planned to promote the bid as an Arab unity bid and hoped to draw on support from the entire and were positioning this as an opportunity to bridge the gap between the Arab and Western worlds.
The bid launched an advertising campaign across the nation in November 2009. Some concerns with Qatar's bid deal with the extreme temperatures. The World Cup is always held in the European off-season in June and July and during this period the average daytime high in most of Qatar is in excess of 40 °C (104 °F), with the average daily low temperatures not dropping below 30 °C (86 °F). Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, the 2022 Qatar bid chairman, responded saying 'the event has to be organised in June or July.
We will have to take the help of technology to counter the harsh weather. We have already set in motion the process. A stadium with controlled temperature is the answer to the problem. We have other plans up our sleeves as well.' The first five proposed stadiums are planned to employ cooling technology capable of reducing temperatures within the stadium by up to 20 degrees Celsius. Additionally, the upper tiers of the stadiums will be dis-assembled after the World Cup and donated to countries with less developed sports infrastructure.
President of FIFA endorsed the idea of having a World Cup in the Middle East, saying in April 2010, 'The Arabic world deserves a World Cup. They have 22 countries and have not had any opportunity to organise the tournament.' Blatter also praised Qatar's progress, 'When I was first in Qatar there were 400,000 people here and now there are 1.6 million. In terms of infrastructure, when you are able to organise the with more than 30 events for men and women, then that is not in question.' Qatar's bid to host the 2022 World Cup received a huge boost on 28 July 2010 when (AFC) President threw his weight behind his country's campaign.
Speaking in Singapore, Bin Hammam said: 'I have one vote and, frankly speaking, I will vote for Qatar but if Qatar is not in the running I will vote for another Asian country.' Qatar has already hosted the AFC Asian Cup in 1988, FIFA U-20 World Cup 1995 and the. South Korea [ ]. Main article: South Korea bid only for the 2022 World Cup. They were bidding to become the first Asian country to host the World Cup twice; however, the fact that they were co-hosts so recently in 2002 was expected to work against them in their bid., a former, was appointed as the Chairman of the Bidding Committee in August 2009.
He met with FIFA President in Zürich, Switzerland. In January 2010, the president visited the headquarters of FIFA in, Switzerland to meet Sepp Blatter in support of the South Korean bid. Although South Korea did not have an 80,000 capacity stadium, it planned to upgrade an existing venue to meet that capacity. There are three grounds which can seat over 60,000 people—, and. Another 70,000 seat is scheduled to be built in as the main stadium for the. Other venues meet hosting requirements as they were built for the 2002 World Cup.
The 12 Cities selected to hold the finals were South Korea to win the bid were selected in March 2010 and were,,,,,, (2 Venues),,, (2 Venues), and. United States [ ]. Main article: first said in February 2007 that it would bid for the 2018 World Cup. On 28 January 2009, U.S. Soccer then announced that it would submit bids for both the 2018 and 2022 Cups.
David Downs, president of Sports, was executive director of the bid. Other committee members included president of, U.S. Soccer chief executive officer Dan Flynn, Commissioner, and Phil Murphy, the former national finance chairman for the.
The vice president of FIFA,, who is also the president of CONCACAF, originally said he would try to bring the World Cup back to the CONCACAF region. However, Warner also stated that he preferred the USSF change their plans to make a bid for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
In April 2009, the bid committee identified 70 stadiums in 50 communities as possible venues for the tournament, with 58 confirming their interest. The list of stadiums was trimmed two months later to 45 in 37 cities, and then in August 2009 to 32 stadiums in 27 cities. In January 2010, 18 cities and 21 stadiums were selected for the final bid.
The cities were,, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, and. The cities with multiple qualifying stadiums were,, and. With several large stadiums, the 21 venues were to have an average capacity of 77,000; none seated fewer than 65,000.
Seven of the stadiums seat at least 80,000. Two proposed stadiums would be used by during the summer. [ ] In October 2010, the United States withdrew from the 2018 bid process, to focus solely on the 2022 competition. Cancelled bids [ ] Two countries had to cancel bids for the 2018 or 2022 FIFA World Cups before individual evaluations began. Mexico cancelled its bid for both cups, while Indonesia was only bidding for the 2022 World Cup.
Indonesia [ ]. Main article: In January 2009 the (PSSI) confirmed their intention to bid for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, with government support. In February 2009, PSSI launched the 'Green World Cup Indonesia 2022' campaign. This campaign included a $1 billion plan to upgrade supporting infrastructure beside stadiums to meet FIFA's requirements. The funds to construct stadiums were to come from regional governments.
Indonesia had previously made World Cup history when it became the first Asian nation to play in a World Cup, at the in France under its colonial name of the Dutch East Indies. Indonesia also had tournament hosting experience as the co-host of. In the campaign presentation, PSSI president Nurdin Halid said he believed Indonesia stood a chance to win FIFA's approval to host the 2022 World Cup, despite the relatively poor infrastructure, coupled with the low quality of the national squad compared to other candidates.
He said Indonesia had proposed a 'Green World Cup 2022', hoping to capitalise on the current green and global warming movement worldwide: 'Our deforestation rate has contributed much to world pollution. By hosting the World Cup, we wish to build infrastructure and facilities that are environmentally friendly so we can give more to the planet.' The bid was launched at a moment when there were strong pressures from Indonesian football fans for Halid to step down from his position as chairman of PSSI. There was no official support from the government of Indonesia until 9 February 2010, the deadline for the country's government to file a letter of support for the bid. Secretary General of PSSI Nugraha Besoes did not deny that Indonesia could be disqualified from the bidding process because the Indonesian government did not support the bid.
On 19 March 2010, FIFA rejected Indonesia's bid to host the 2022 World Cup because the government stated that their concern is for the people of the country and so could not support the bid as FIFA requested. As a consequence, PSSI threw their support behind Australia's bid for the 2022 tournament. Mexico [ ] Former President, Alberto de la Torre, announced their intention to bid for the cup in 2005, but was ineligible because of the rotation policy at that time. [ ] Selection [ ] Eligible voters [ ]. Further information: On 2 December 2010, FIFA president announced the winning bids at FIFA's headquarters in Zurich. Russia was chosen to host the 2018 World Cup, and Qatar was chosen to host the 2022 World Cup. This made Russia the first country to host the World Cup, while Qatar would be the first Middle Eastern country to host the World Cup.
Blatter noted that the committee had decided to 'go to new lands' and reflected a desire to 'develop football' by bringing it to more countries. In each round a majority of twelve votes was needed. If no bid received 12 votes in a round, the bid with the least amount of votes in that round was eliminated. The actual votes cast were as follows. 2018 World Cup host vote results Country Vote 1 2 Russia 9 13 Spain/ Portugal 7 7 Netherlands/ Belgium 4 2 2 – Total Votes World Cup host vote results Country Vote 1 2 3 4 Qatar 11 10 11 14 United States 3 5 6 8 South Korea 4 5 5 – Japan 3 2 – – Australia 1 – – – Total Votes 22 22 22 22 Reactions [ ] In reaction to the announcement there were celebrations on the streets of Doha. The responded strongly with increased participation in trading following the announcement.
Iranian President told his Qatari counterpart that hosting the tournament 'is a big athletic event which can promote football in the Persian Gulf area and Middle East region.' He also said Iran was ready to help Qatar in hosting the event, while saying he hoped its neighbours 'could achieve a reasonable share to attend the games.' Al-Thani 'underlined [a] necessity of cooperation between regional countries to use and take advantage of the sport opportunity.' He also added that Qatar's initiative would motivate its neighbours to 'promote and develop their football.' Roger Burden, who had been acting chairman of England's Football Association, withdrew his application for the permanent post days after the vote, saying he could not trust FIFA members due to their actions. England's bid executive Andy Anson said 'I think it has to [change] because otherwise why would Australia, the United States, Holland, Belgium, England ever bother bidding again?' There was also a backlash from the media in the losing countries; the majority of British newspapers alleged that the World Cup had been 'sold' to Russia, and the Spanish, Dutch, the American and, and the Japanese made comments about Russia and Qatar's commodity and energy reserves.
Shortly after the voting,, the Internet arm of American sports broadcasting giant, published a piece that partially linked Qatar's successful bid to Football Dreams, a youth development program that the country has bankrolled since 2005. At the time of bidding, Football Dreams operated in 15 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia—six of which had representatives on the FIFA executive committee. Allegations of vote-buying [ ] President said that Blatter 'has lost control' of FIFA and that 'It's a scandal how things run there (at FIFA).
Apparently, a bid nowadays can only be successful if payments are additionally made under the table. One scandal comes on the heels of another.' On 10 May 2011, the former England 2018 bid chief told a that four FIFA committee members approached him asking for various things in exchange for votes. Among the accused are FIFA Vice President, who is accused of asking for £2.5 million to be used for projects, and, who allegedly asked to be knighted. In November 2010, a had alleged that FIFA officials voting on the World Cup bids had received large bribes between 1989 and 1999, which FIFA had not investigated and that FIFA requires bidding countries to agree to enact special laws granting FIFA and sponsors tax benefits.
Also on 10 May 2011, The Sunday Times reported that two committee members, and were given $1.5 million in exchange for their votes in favor of Qatar. FIFA requested to see the evidence of the allegations.
On 30 May 2011, rejected the evidence in a press conference, while, who had been suspended that day for a separate ethics violations pending an investigation, leaked an email from FIFA General Secretary which suggested that Qatar had 'bought' the rights to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Valcke subsequently issued a statement denying he had suggested it was bribery, saying instead that the country had 'used its financial muscle to lobby for support'. Qatar officials denied any impropriety., President of the, also called on FIFA to re-examine the awarding of the Cup to Qatar.
In February 2011, Blatter admitted that the Spanish and Qatari bid teams did try to trade votes, 'but it didn't work'. The whistleblower at the centre of the allegations was later revealed to be Phaedra Almajid, who claimed that she had fabricated the claims of corruption in order to exact revenge on the Qatari bid after being relieved of her campaign job on the team. She signed a legal affidavit and claimed that she decided to go public with her admission because her 'lies had gone too far.' FIFA confirmed receipt of an email from Almajid stating her retraction.
Having originally claimed African Football Confederation president Issa Hayatou, Ivorian FIFA member Jacques Anomua and Nigeria's suspended exco official Amos Adamu were paid $1.5m to vote for Qatar, Almajid went on to say 'I cannot tell you how sorry I am. I have hurt reputations of three members of the Fifa [ sic] exco, I have hurt their reputation, and more importantly I have hurt my colleagues on the Qatar bid.'
She also stressed that she had not been put under any pressure by the Qatari bid team or anyone else to make a retraction., the chairman of the House of Commons select committee for culture, media and sport, stood by the decision to publish the allegations against Qatar and the three executive committee members despite the retraction. FIFA investigation [ ]. 29 October 2007. From the original on 30 October 2007. Retrieved 29 October 2007. 25 September 2007. From the original on 11 October 2007.
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